The 5 most authoritative standards for battery safety (world-class standards)

Lithium-ion battery systems are complex electrochemical and mechanical systems, and the safety of the battery pack is critical in electric vehicles. China's "Electric Vehicle Safety Requirements", which clearly states that the battery system is required to not catch fire or explode within 5 minutes after thermal runaway of the battery monomer, leaving a safe escape time for the occupants.

(1) Thermal safety of power batteries

Low temperatures can lead to poor battery performance and possible damage, but usually do not pose a safety hazard. However, overcharging (too high a voltage) can lead to cathode decomposition and electrolyte oxidation. Over-discharging (too low a voltage) can lead to decomposition of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on the anode and may lead to oxidation of the copper foil, further damaging the battery.

(2) IEC 62133 standard

IEC 62133 (Safety test standard for lithium-ion batteries and cells), is a safety requirement for testing secondary batteries and cells containing alkaline or non-acidic electrolytes. It is used to test batteries used in portable electronics and other applications, addressing chemical and electrical hazards and mechanical issues such as vibration and shock that may threaten consumers and the environment.

(3) UN/DOT 38.3

UN/DOT 38.3 (T1 - T8 tests and UN ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev. 5), covering all battery packs, lithium metal cells and batteries for transport safety testing. The test standard consists of eight tests (T1 - T8) focusing on specific transportation hazards.

(4) IEC 62619

IEC 62619 (Safety Standard for Secondary Lithium Batteries and Battery Packs), the standard specifies the safety requirements for batteries in electronic and other industrial applications. The test requirements apply to both stationary and powered applications. Stationary applications include telecommunications, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy storage systems, utility switching, emergency power and similar applications. Powered applications include forklifts, golf carts, automated guided vehicles (AGVs), railroads, and ships (excluding on-road vehicles).

(5) UL 2580x

UL 2580x (UL Safety Standard for Electric Vehicle Batteries), consisting of several tests.

High Current Battery Short Circuit: This test is run on a fully charged sample. The sample is short-circuited using a total circuit resistance of ≤ 20 mΩ. Spark ignition detects the presence of flammable concentrations of gas in the sample and no signs of explosion or fire.

Battery Crush: Run on a fully charged sample and simulate the effects of a vehicle crash on EESA integrity. As with the short circuit test, spark ignition detects the presence of flammable concentrations of gas in the sample and there is no indication of an explosion or fire. No toxic gases are released.

Battery Cell Squeeze (Vertical): Run on a fully charged sample. The force applied in the squeeze test must be limited to 1000 times the weight of the cell. Spark ignition detection is the same as that used in the squeeze test.

(6) Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicles (GB 18384-2020)

Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicles" is a national standard of the People's Republic of China implemented on January 1, 2021, which stipulates the safety requirements and test methods for electric vehicles.

Post time: Jan-30-2023